The story of Prophet Ibrahim (AS), a tale of unwavering faith, submission to Allah's will, and the profound significance of the act of Qurbani, is among the most important moments in Islamic history. In remembrance of this significant occasion, Muslims worldwide observe Eid al-Adha, also known as the "Festival of Sacrifice," annually. This blog delves into the spiritual origins of Qurbani, the inspiring tale of Prophet Ibrahim (AS), and how Eid al-Adha continues to inspire Muslims to practice compassion, obedience, and sacrifice.
Who Was Prophet Ibrahim (AS)?
One of the most revered prophets in Islam is the Prophet Ibrahim (AS), also called Abraham in Judeo-Christian traditions. Because of his unparalleled devotion and submission to the Creator, he is known as Khalilullah, which translates to "Friend of Allah." He has earned his position as a monotheistic patriarch and is a pivotal figure in Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.
Ibrahim (AS) was born during a period of rampant idolatry in the ancient Mesopotamian city of Ur (present-day Iraq). Even though he grew up surrounded by idolaters, he began to question their customs at an early age and realized that Allah was one. He eventually received divine guidance as a result of his pursuit of truth, which led him to reject idolatry and the worship of celestial bodies.
His Mission and Struggles
The mission assigned to Ibrahim (AS) was to promote monotheism. One of the many people who opposed him was his father, Azar, a sculptor of idols. Because he disobeyed their gods, his people ridiculed him, threatened him, and even threw him into a fire. However, as the Qur'an states,
"We said, 'O fire, be coolness and safety upon Abraham.'" (Qur'an 21:69)
Ibrahim (AS) persevered in his mission despite the difficulties, journeying through various countries to disseminate the teachings of Tawheed (the oneness of God).
The Long-Awaited Son
One of the most touching aspects of Ibrahim's story is his longing for a child. He and his wife, Sarah, were childless for years. Through his second wife, Hajar (Hagar), Allah blessed him with a righteous son, Ismail (AS), in his later years. Ismail's (AS) birth was a great miracle and an indication of God's favor.
Allah gave Ibrahim (AS) the order to leave Hajar and Ismail in the desolate desert valley of Makkah when Ismail (AS) was still a baby. He complied without question, leaving them with some water and food. He merely responded, "Allah has commanded me," when Hajar questioned him about why he was abandoning them there. Hajar remained, believing in Allah, and as a result of her perseverance and faith, the miraculous Zamzam water appeared, indicating that this location would eventually be reversed.
The Dream of Sacrifice: A Divine Test
Years later, when Ismail (AS) had grown into a young boy, Ibrahim (AS) had a dream; he saw himself sacrificing his beloved son — a vision that repeated itself multiple times. As a Prophet, he knew this was a command from Allah.
"Then when they both had submitted, and he put him down upon his forehead, We called to him, 'O Ibrahim, you have fulfilled the vision." (Qur'an 37:103-105)
His ultimate test was to sacrifice the son he had prayed for, waited for, and loved dearly. Yet Ibrahim (AS) did not hesitate. Nor did Ismail (AS), who, upon hearing the dream, replied:
"O my father, do as you are commanded. You will find me, if Allah wills, among the patient." (Qur'an 37:102)
They both set out to carry out Allah's instruction. However, Allah stepped in and substituted a ram for Ismail (AS) just as Ibrahim (AS) was ready to offer the sacrifice. The obedience, the faith, and the willingness to give up had all been done in spirit.
The Origin of Qurbani
This significant event served as the impetus for the animal sacrifice practiced during Eid al-Adha, known to Muslims today as Qurbani (or Udhiya). The act of Qurbani symbolizes Prophet Ibrahim's devotion and total surrender to Allah. It is about reviving the spirit of sacrifice in every Muslim's life, not just about killing an animal.
Allah says in the Qur'an:
"Their meat will not reach Allah, nor will their blood, but what reaches Him is piety from you." (Qur'an 22:37)
This verse emphasizes that Qurbani is not a physical act but rather an intention, sincerity, and devotion behind it.
Eid al-Adha: The Festival of Sacrifice
The annual Hajj pilgrimage to Makkah culminates with Eid al-Adha, which is celebrated on the 10th of Dhul Hijjah, the 12th month in the Islamic lunar calendar. Along with Eid al-Fitr, it is one of the two main Islamic holidays.
Muslims around the world commemorate this day by praying, performing Qurbani, and sharing the meat with their loved ones, neighbors, and the underprivileged. It is a day to reflect on the virtues of sacrifice and surrender to Allah, as well as to express gratitude and humility.
Spiritual Lessons from the Story of Ibrahim (AS)
1. Obedience to Allah
The best illustration of blind obedience is found in the story of Ibrahim (AS). Ibrahim (AS) always put Allah's will ahead of his comfort, whether it was turning away from idolatry, abandoning his family in the desert, or getting ready to sacrifice his son.
2. Faith Over Fear
Ibrahim (AS) remained steadfast in the face of terrifying challenges — fire, exile, and loss. His story teaches us that true faith requires courage and reliance on Allah, even in the darkest of times.
3. The Role of Family in Faith
Ismail (AS) and Hajar (RA) also demonstrated remarkable faith. Ismail (AS) willingly accepted his fate, and Hajar ran tirelessly between the hills of Safa and Marwa, searching for water. Their stories are integral parts of Hajj rituals today.
4. Sacrifice in Daily Life
In addition to animal sacrifice, Qurbani also refers to the sacrifices we make daily for Allah's sake, such as letting go of vices, material possessions, or selfish desires that divert us from our spiritual path.
How Muslims Practice Qurbani Today
Muslims who can do so are required to offer Qurbani on Eid al-Adha. According to Islamic law, animals like sheep, goats, cows, and camels are slaughtered. The meat is divided into three parts:
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One-third of the family
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One-third for relatives and friends
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One-third of people with low incomes and needy
As a result of this division, the joy of Eid and the benefits of the sacrifice reach all levels of society.
Ibrahim's Legacy: A Living Tradition
Ibrahim's (AS) legacy endures through the customs of Eid al-Adha and the Hajj. Millions of Muslims follow in his footsteps each year, both literally during the Hajj and figuratively, through obedience and the practice of Qurbani.
For those looking to deepen their relationship with Allah, his life continues to serve as a beacon. His story serves as a constant reminder that Islam is a religion of conviction, sacrifice, and submission rather than convenience.
Conclusion
Prophet Ibrahim's story and the origin of Qurbani teach us about faith, sacrifice, and devotion. Muslims celebrate Eid al-Adha by embodying Ibrahim's legacy and reflecting on their sacrifices for Allah. This honors a Prophet who sacrificed everything for his Lord, paving the way for future generations and whose faith lit the path for generations to come.